نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد فلسفه آموزش و پرورش
2 استادیار دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
There are thousands of crucial issues in training process which one of them is the relationship between freedom and discipline. Lack of accurate understanding of freedom and discipline in training process not only makes the perversity of thought, but also it leads to a failure in practice and waste the product of training followed. Given the importance of these two variables in training process and impossibility of their elimination in favor of each other, in this study the relationship between freedom and discipline from the perspective of the great instructors such as Kant and Rousseau are being investigated .Besides, their attitudes about freedom and discipline and subscription and differentiation areas of them were also investigated .
According to the votes of the two major influential western intellectuals “Kant and Rousseau” that both of them have emphasized these concepts, a main question arisen in mind is that the implementation of which one of these two variables has the priority over another and how the relationship of them is. Ideas and concepts were analyzed and compared with each other and a conceptual connection were made between them to answer questions of the research, using content analysis application as a method of citation, with a comparative approach and studying written documents.
According to Rousseau, the manner of freedom and discipline implementation in training process is from freedom to discipline and he presumes that the fundamental principle of training received from the nature of child is freedom. Emphasizing this principle, the training should provide the background of the nature not polluted to the inappropriate social training courses in a way of negative training. After development of individual’s personality, the possibility of entrance to the society and acceptance of social rules and regulations will be provided .According to Kant, the exercise of freedom and discipline in the process of training have to be from discipline to freedom and he also believes that the actions and behaviors of the child must be under the rule of law as a compiled program, thus one will achieve the real freedom in the shade of discipline. In addition, he reminds the importance of discipline and rules and taking responsibility and duty to meet the basic needs of human beings as the essential core of human life. By and large, the application of control and discipline should not be considered as denying the freedom of individuals, but it can be applicable until the individual freedom is not a hindrance to freedom of assembly. Children have the right to defend their legitimate interests and others have a duty to help them. We should be away from extremes to prepare opportunity of talent manifestation.
کلیدواژهها [English]